Shades of the rainbow serpent? A KhoeSān animal between myth and landscape in southern Africa – ethnographic contextualisations of rock art representations

Sullivan, S and Low, C (2014) 'Shades of the rainbow serpent? A KhoeSān animal between myth and landscape in southern Africa – ethnographic contextualisations of rock art representations.' Arts, 3 (2). pp. 215-244. ISSN 2076-0752

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts3020215

Abstract

The snake is a potent entity in many cultures across the world, and is a noticeable global theme in rock art and inscribed landscapes. We mobilise our long-term ethnographic research with southern African KhoeSan peoples to situate and interpret the presence of snake motifs in the region’s rock art. We contextualise the snake as a transformative ontological mediator between everyday and “entranced” KhoeSan worlds (those associated with “altered states of consciousness”), to weave together both mythological and shamanistic interpretations of southern African rock art. Ethnographic explorations of experiences of snakes as both an aspect of natural history and the physical environment, and as embodiments of multiplicitous and mythical meaning by which to live and understand life, shed light on the presence of snakes and associated snake-themes in southern African rock art. By drawing on ethnographic material, and in conjunction with review of literature, we highlight a dynamic assemblage of extant associations between snakes, rain, water, fertility, blood, fat, transformation, dance and healing. We suggest that these extant associations have explanatory potential for understanding the meaning of these themes in the rock art created by the ancestors of contemporary KhoeSan peoples. Our paper contributes to a live debate regarding the interpretive relevance of ethnography for understanding rock art representations from the past.

Item Type: Article
Note:

This article is part of the special issue on World Rock Art.

Subjects: D History General and Old World > D History (General) > D051 Ancient History
D History General and Old World > D History (General)
H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
N Fine Arts > NX Arts in general
Divisions: School of Writing, Publishing and the Humanities
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.3390/arts3020215
Date Deposited: 24 Mar 2015 22:07
Last Modified: 15 Jan 2024 16:16
URI / Page ID: https://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/id/eprint/5731
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