Primate hippocampus size and organization are predicted by sociality but not diet

Todorov, O.S, Weisbecker, V, Gilissen, E, Zilles, K and de Sousa, A.A ORCID: 0000-0003-2379-3894 (2019) 'Primate hippocampus size and organization are predicted by sociality but not diet.' Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 286 (1914). e171. ISSN 0962-8452

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Abstract

The hippocampus is well known for its roles in spatial navigation and memory, but it is organized into regions that have different connections and functional specializations. Notably, the region CA2 has a role in social and not spatial cognition, as is the case for the regions CA1 and CA3 that surround it. Here, we investigated the evolution of the hippocampus in terms of its size and organization in relation to the evolution of social and ecological variables in primates, namely home range, diet and different measures of group size. We found that the volumes within the whole cornu ammonis coevolve with group size, while only the volume of CA1 and subiculum can also be predicted by home range. On the other hand, diet, expressed as a shift from folivory towards frugivory, was shown to not be related to hippocampal volume. Interestingly, CA2 was shown to exhibit phylogenetic signal only against certain measures of group size, but not with ecological factors. We also found that sex differences in the hippocampus are related to body size sex dimorphism. This is in line with reports of sex differences in hippocampal volume in non-primates that are related to social structure and sex differences in behaviour. Our findings support the notion that in primates, the hippocampus is a mosaic structure evolving in line with social pressures, where certain subsections evolve in line with spatial ability too.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	primates, social group, hippocampus, spatial cognition
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GN Anthropology H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QM Human anatomy
Divisions:	School of Sciences
Research Centres and Groups:	Psychology Research Centre for Health and Cognition
UoA:	Psychology
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1712
Date Deposited:	03 Dec 2019 12:59
Last Modified:	02 Mar 2023 05:30
URI / Page ID:	https://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/id/eprint/12785

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