Mandated ESG disclosure and its effects on earnings quality and cost of capital: evidence from European stock markets

Akin, I ORCID: 0000-0003-0918-7441 and Akin, M ORCID: 0000-0002-9021-869X (2025) 'Mandated ESG disclosure and its effects on earnings quality and cost of capital: evidence from European stock markets.' Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. doi: 10.1002/csr.70280

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.70280

Abstract

This study investigates the causal effects of mandated ESG disclosure on two key corporate financial outcomes: earnings quality and cost of capital. Using a panel dataset of 210 publicly listed firms from eight European Union countries between 2015and 2024, the study exploits cross-country variation in the timing and intensity of ESG disclosure mandates under the EU Directive 2014/95/EU. A difference-in-differences research design is employed, supported by dynamic models and placebo tests to strengthen causal inference. The findings reveal that firms subject to mandatory ESG disclosure exhibit a statistically significant improvement in earnings quality and a reduction in the cost of capital following the implementation of the regulation. These effects are more pronounced among larger firms, suggesting that firm size moderates the ability to translate ESG transparency into financial benefits. The study recommends that regulators continue enforcing ESG mandates and that firms integrate ESG disclosure as a core element of their financial strategy. By providing rigorous evidence of financial benefits associated with mandated ESG practices, this study contributes to the literature on sustainable finance, corporate transparency, and capital market regulation.

Item Type: Article
UN SDGs: Goal 1: No Poverty
Keywords: corporate strategy, cost of capital, earnings quality, ESG disclosure, financial performance
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HG Finance
Divisions: Bath Business School
Date Deposited: 18 Nov 2025 12:33
Last Modified: 18 Nov 2025 12:33
ISSN: 1535-3966
URN: https://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/id/eprint/17406
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